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the outward expressions of joy

  • 1 gaudium

    gaudĭum, ii (apoc. form gau, like cael for caelum, do for domum: replet te laetificum gau, Enn. ap. Auson. Technop. 144; Ann. 451 Vahl.), n. [id.], inward joy, joy, gladness, delight (opp. laetitia, joy which shows itself externally).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Sing.:

    cum ratione animus movetur placide atque constanter, tum illud gaudium dicitur: cum autem inaniter et effuse animus exsultat, tum illa laetitia gestiens vel nimia dici potest, quam ita definiunt sine ratione animi elationem,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13; Sall. C. 48, 1:

    voluptas dicitur etiam in animo... non dicitur laetitia nec gaudium in corpore,

    id. Fin. 2, 4, 13 (cf. under B.):

    veluti ex servitute erepta (plebs) gaudium atque laetitiam agitabat,

    Sall. C. 48, 1:

    exsultare laetitia, triumphare gaudio,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 14: meum factum probari abs te triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, A, 2:

    non possum non confiteri, cumulari me maximo gaudio, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 1:

    gaudio compleri, gaudio afficere,

    id. Fin. 5, 24, 69 sq.:

    tuis litteris perlectis exsilui gaudio,

    id. Fam. 16, 16, 1; cf.:

    cum tuas litteras legissem, incredibili gaudio sum elatus,

    id. ib. 10, 12, 2; id. Rep. 3, 30:

    gaudium, tristitiam ostendimus (manibus),

    Quint. 11, 3, 86:

    missa legatio quae gaudio fungeretur,

    to express their joy, offer their congratulations, Tac. H. 2, 55:

    prae gaudio ubi sim nescio,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 67; cf.:

    nimio gaudio paene desipere,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2:

    exclamare gaudio,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 30; cf.:

    lacrimare gaudio,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 55: Ha. Gaudio ero vobis. Ad. At edepol nos voluptati tibi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 47:

    quid illud gaudii est?

    Ter. And. 5, 5, 7.—With an object-genitive:

    gaudium periculosi saltus superati,

    Liv. 42, 55, 4.—
    (β).
    Plur.: quocum multa volup ac gaudia clamque palamque, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 247 Vahl.):

    cum me tantis affecistis gaudiis,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 105; more freq., the outward expressions of joy:

    feminarum praecipue et gaudia insignia erant et luctus,

    Liv. 22, 7, 12 (cf. sing.:

    gaudio exultans,

    id. 21, 42, 3):

    quibus gaudiis exsultabis?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

    ita varie per omnem exercitum laetitia, maeror, luctus atque gaudia agitabantur,

    Sall. C. 61 fin.:

    o qui complexus et gaudia quanta fuerunt!

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 43:

    gaudia prodentem vultum celare,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 104:

    in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,

    Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30 (cf. gaudeo, II. A.):

    hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia,

    Ter. And. 5, 5, 8:

    scin' me in quibus sim gaudiis?

    id. Eun. 5, 9, 5.—Prov.:

    Gaudia principium nostri sunt doloris,

    Ov. M. 7, 796.—
    B.
    In partic., sensual pleasure, delight, enjoyment (rare; not in Cic.; cf.

    above the passage,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13; usually in plur.):

    dediti corporis gaudiis per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agunt,

    Sall. J. 2, 4:

    mutua gaudia,

    Lucr. 4, 1205; 5, 854:

    communia,

    id. 4, 1196; cf. ib. 1106; Tib. 1, 5, 39; Hor. C. 3, 6, 28:

    non umquam reputant quanti sibi gaudia constent,

    Juv. 6, 365:

    vini atque cibi,

    id. 10, 204:

    cenae,

    id. 15, 41.—In sing.:

    mihi sibique pestiferum hinc abstulit gaudium,

    Liv. 1, 58, 8.—
    II.
    Transf., also, like our joy, for an object which produces joy, a cause or occasion of joy (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ceterum hoc gaudium magna prope clade in Samnio foedatum est,

    Liv. 7, 34, 1:

    non animo solum patrio gratum munus, sed corpori quoque salubre gaudium (sc. reditus filii) fuit,

    id. 37, 37, 7:

    cupidus falsis attingere gaudia palmis, i. e. conjugem,

    Prop. 1, 19, 9:

    fugiunt tua gaudia,

    Ov. H. 15, 109; Phaedr. 4, 20, 27; Petr. 79, 10.—
    B.
    Of inanim. and abstr. things:

    non omnes (arbores) florent, et sunt tristes quaedam, quaeque non sentiant gaudia annorum,

    Plin. 16, 25, 40, § 95:

    flos est gaudium arborum,

    id. ib.:

    adamas opum gaudium,

    id. 20 praef. § 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > gaudium

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